The big three: inertia, velocity and acceleration
We have just finished our first five weeks of school, and my Physics First students have had their first run-ins with three of the most basic, yet most confusing concepts in physics: inertia, velocity and acceleration. After 23 years of teaching the subject, I have come to realize that I need to spend quite a bit of time trying to solidify these concepts in students’ minds.
Blame those stinking preconceptions, or the obtuse explanations in physics texts, but it is just really hard to get students to grasp those three concepts. Sure, they can memorize the definitions, but few really understand what they mean. Without a decent comprehension of them, learning later concepts (like force and momentum) is appreciably harder.
One misconception about inertia is that it is a force. That is, to some students, inertia is a force that keeps you at rest. A passable first definition, but then these students fail to realize that inertia also keeps you going. When the idea of force comes a bit later in the course, then they confuse inertia with real forces like gravitation and friction.
Inertia is a property of matter. It is internal, not external. External forces support an object, or resist other external forces, or push or pull an object. Inertia cannot make an object move by itself; it only maintains the motion that the object already has. If the object is at rest, it “wants” to stay at rest. If it’s moving in some direction at some speed, it “wants” to keep that speed and heading.
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